W
elcome to today’s lesson on essential Chinese words and phrases from the HSK Standard Course Volume 1, Chapter 1, that will enhance your language skills. Whether you're just starting or looking to improve, these words are key to fluent communication. We’ll explore the meaning, structure, and usage of each word, with examples to help you master them.
1. 印象 (yìnxiàng) – "Impression"
Usage: A noun used to describe the impression or image someone or something leaves.Structure:
Subject + 给 + B + 留下 + (adj + 的) + 印象 (to leave an impression on someone)
Example: 他给我留下了很好的印象。(Tā gěi wǒ liú xià le hěn hǎo de yìnxiàng.)"He left a good impression on me."
A 对 B 的 印象 + adj (to describe an impression of someone)
Example: 我对他的印象很深刻。(Wǒ duì tā de yìnxiàng hěn shēnkè.)"I have a deep impression of him."
2. 深 (shēn) – "Deep"
Usage: An adjective used to describe emotional or physical depth.Structure: Adjective + 的 + Noun
Example: 他的感情很深。(Tā de gǎnqíng hěn shēn.)"His feelings are deep."
Opposite with 浅 (qiǎn): 这条河很浅。(Zhè tiáo hé hěn qiǎn.)"This river is shallow."
3. 熟悉 (shúxī) – "Familiar"
Usage: A verb that means to be familiar with something.Structure: Subject + 对 + Object + 很熟悉
Example: 我对这个地方很熟悉。(Wǒ duì zhège dìfāng hěn shúxī.)"I’m very familiar with this place."
4. 不仅 (bùjǐn) – "Not only"
Usage: Used to express that two statements are true, with one being more prominent.Structure: 不仅 + Clause 1 + 而且/也 + Clause 2
Example: 他不仅会说中文，而且会说法文。(Tā bùjǐn huì shuō zhōngwén, érqiě huì shuō fǎwén.)"He not only speaks Chinese, but also speaks French."
5. 开玩笑 (kāi wánxiào) – "To joke"
Usage: A verb phrase meaning to joke or make a joke.Structure: Subject + 跟/和 + Person + 开玩笑
Example: 他喜欢跟朋友开玩笑。(Tā xǐhuān gēn péngyǒu kāi wánxiào.)"He likes to joke with his friends."
6. 从来 (cónglái) – "Never"
Usage: An adverb used to indicate that something has never happened, often followed by a negative verb.Structure: 从来 + 没(有) + Verb (past events)
Example (past): 我从来没有去过法国。(Wǒ cónglái méiyǒu qùguò Fàguó.)"I have never been to France."从来 + 不 + Verb (habitual or future events)
Example (habit): 他从来不迟到。(Tā cónglái bù chídào.)"He never arrives late."
7. 最好 (zuì hǎo) – "Best" / "Had better"
Usage: Can be used as an adjective meaning "the best" or as an adverb meaning "had better."Structure (adjective): 最好 + Noun
Example (adjective): 这是我最好的朋友。(Zhè shì wǒ zuì hǎo de péngyǒu.)"This is my best friend."
Structure (adverb): Subject + 最好 + Verb
Example (adverb): 你最好早点儿出发。(Nǐ zuì hǎo zǎodiǎn er chūfā.)"You had better leave early."
8. 适合 (shìhé) – "Suitable"
Usage: A verb meaning something is suitable for someone or something.Structure: Subject + 适合 + Object
Example: 这件衣服适合你。(Zhè jiàn yīfú shìhé nǐ.)"This outfit suits you."
Explanation: 合适 (héshì) is an adjective meaning "suitable."
Example (adjective 合适): 这件衣服很合适。(Zhè jiàn yīfú hěn héshì.)"This outfit is very suitable for you."
9. 刚 (gāng) – "Just"
Usage: An adverb used to indicate that something happened very recently.Structure: Subject + 刚 + Verb
Example: 我刚吃完饭。(Wǒ gāng chī wán fàn.)"I just finished eating."
10. 够 (gòu) – "Enough"
Usage: Used as an adjective or verb to indicate that something is sufficient.Structure (verb): Subject + Verb + 够了
Example (verb): 我吃够了。(Wǒ chī gòu le.)"I’ve eaten enough."
Structure (adjective): 够 + Adjective + 了
Example (adjective): 这些食物够多了。(Zhèxiē shíwù gòu duō le.)"There is enough food."
11. 缺点 (quēdiǎn) – "Weakness" / "Shortcoming"
Usage: A noun used to describe a flaw or weakness in a person or thing.Structure: Subject + 有 + 缺点
Example: 每个人都有缺点。(Měi gè rén dōu yǒu quēdiǎn.)"Everyone has shortcomings."
12. 接受 (jiēshòu) – "Accept"
Usage: A verb meaning to accept something, whether it’s an idea, gift, or invitation.Structure: Subject + 接受 + Object
Example: 我接受了他的邀请。(Wǒ jiēshòu le tā de yāoqǐng.)"I accepted his invitation."
Now you have a clearer understanding of these essential Chinese words and phrases. As you continue practicing, these words will naturally become part of your daily conversations. Thanks for watching, and see you in the next lesson!
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